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Between 8 December 2024 and 5 December 2025, syria endured what can only be described as a “Year of Blood and Denial. ” Chaos became the norm, civilian lives were violated on an unprecedented scale, and responsibility blurred between local, regional, and international actors. Human rights organisations documented 11,439 deaths over the year, including 8,835 civilians—among them 512 children and 676 women. These are not mere statistics; they reflect a recurring national tragedy in a country where justice and values have all but collapsed. Extrajudicial Killings: The Return of Jungle Law A total of 3,071 people were executed in the field—among them 2,727 men, 296 women, and 48 children. March marked the peak of this hostilities, with 1,726 summary executions declared, coinciding with assaults on checkpoints along the syrian/" class="auto-internal-link">syrian coast.
The nature of this hostilities suggests a shift: from a method of combat to an instrument of governance. Field executions no longer correlate with active combat zones—they have become part of a policy of terror and a tool for reshaping local allegiances. In some areas, life is now ruled by raw power—where the gun is law, and the battlefield serves as court. Civilians Trapped in Crossfire Among the 8,835 civilians killed, most deaths were the result of indiscriminate attacks, kidnappings, torture, and explosions. The toll included 512 children and 676 women, underscoring the depth of a relief catastrophe that spares no one.
Moreover, the conditions surrounding civilian deaths reflect a deepening anarchy: Random gunfire and local clashes: 440 deaths Turkish bombardment: 129 Israeli airstrikes: 40 Landmines and IEDs: 75 Fire from the “armed forces Operations Administration”: 904 Killed by unidentified gunmen: 804 War remnants: 665 The data confirms that no party holds full control, and no faction is entirely without blame. Turkish and Israeli Strikes: Normalising External Violence Turkish shelling in the north and Israeli airstrikes in the south have become parallel troops in the normalisation of cross-border violence. Furthermore, turkish operations against sdf-controlled areas killed dozens and relocated hundreds. In the south and centre, Israeli strikes targeted suspected regime sites, often resulting in civilian deaths and infrastructure destruction. This armed forces overlap illustrates the hollowing out of Syrian sovereignty.
Each attack carries an external imprint, and every victim becomes another casualty in a war where the distinction between “ally” and “enemy” is meaningless. 2,604 non-civilian deaths were recorded, including members of isis, the SDF, Islamist militias, and others. This diversity in armed factions reflects…